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They number more than a billion in the U.S. alone,
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each with its own personality and its own sense of being.
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We see them in every state, every city,
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and practically every town in america,
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and yet, for all intents and purposes, they remain an enigma
to us.
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They are the farm animals: cows, pigs, sheep, chickens, and
turkeys.
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They are the animals we use for meat,
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yet, seldom get to meet.
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Animals we are now discovering lead rich and complex emotional
lives.
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Join us on one man's journey;
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a voyage of discovery … into the emotional world … of farm
animals.
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Jeffrey Masson is a former psychoanalyist who, nearly two
decades ago,
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turned his attentions to writing about the emotions of non-human
animals.
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His New York Times best-selling book when elephants weep,
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established undenyably
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that wild animals from all corners of the globe
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lead lives that are filled with a complex array of emotions,
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many similar to our own.
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Challenged by his publisher Random House
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to go where no one had gone before -
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to research and write a popular book about the emotions of
farm animals -
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he reluctantly accepted,
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and soon set out on a quest that would take him around the
world and to a dozen countries.
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Yet, his first stop was a sanctuary for farm animals in Vacaville,
California,
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less than a hundred miles from his Berkeley home.
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C'mon, sweetie!
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Kim Sturla is the co-founder of Animal Place.
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Kim, this is a beautiful place!
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Thank you, it is,
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and especially this time of the year when it's so green; it's
just gorgious.
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So do you mean to tell me that all the animals here
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have been rescued?
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Each one has come from a different situation.
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And with every animals there was no where else for them to
go. So we were really kind of their last resort here.
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And with every animals there was no where else for them to
go. So we were really kind of their last resort here.
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So you would say that every animal here
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has had some history of personal abuse?
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Most of the animals here, if not all, have had a really tough
beginning,
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and it's just that much more important that once they get
to Animal Place
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that we try to provide them with a secure.
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Loving environment where they can live out the rest of their
lives.
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And do some of them, I mean, tell they've been abused by the
way they react to you,
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or does it differ for each and every animal?
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You know, each and every one …
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Venus, one of the pigs, she was terribly abused and we got
her as an adult.
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It has taken her years…
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She's about thirteen years old now
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and only in the last couple of years will she actually let
me pet her.
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So it's a question about trust?
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It's all about trust.
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Do you think she looks at you and thinks …
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I don't trust this species
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but this one, this woman, Kim, she seems OK.
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Do you think they have thought processes like that?
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Oh, my gosh, without a doubt!
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Obviously, I wouldn't need to convince you
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that these farm animals have emotions?
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There is absolutely no doubt in my mind
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that those animals have a wide array of emotions;
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very similar to dogs and cats.
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As a seasoned author with two dozen books to his credit,
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Jeffrey knows full well that you can't write about the emotions
of any animal
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until you first meet and get to know them.
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His first farm animal experience: Val and Susie.
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Hello sweetie girl! And they don't have tusks?
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Oh, the males do.
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The males do!
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Now are the males different than the females?
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No, no.
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They're all so sweet?
Oh, yes, very!
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Good natured, and you can play with them?
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And here's my favorite, Jeffrey.
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She is the sweetest pig one could possibly meet … Susie.
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Come here, Susie! Susie!
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They had their little difficulties introducing them.
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Oh, so they weren't … Oh, Susie!
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What made this experience so special for Jeffrey
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was learning from Kim about Val and Susie's history.
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If not for Animal Place their lives would be different indeed.
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In fact, they wouldn't be alive at all.
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SIX MONTHS EARLIER
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Little Susie and Valerie were pigs
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that were born inside a research laboratory.
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A cage is all they knew.
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You have to understand that these little pigs had never been
outside.
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Hi! OK, who wants to be cooled down? Come on!
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They had never felt the sunshine on them.
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They had never had the ground to root in. They never had grass.
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They had always lived their entire life inside a little cage
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measuring probably four feet square.
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That was their existence.
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So they came to Animal Place and were a bit in shock,
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because there were all of these other animal sounds
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and they all of a sudden had freedom.
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They could do whatever they wanted to do.
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They arrived during the summer months
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and I found, quickly found, that one of the things they loved
to do
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is to be cooled off when it gets too hot.
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Get you cooled down!
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Normally val and susie would be cooling themselves off
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with mud baths, as pigs do,
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but they were recently spayed and the stitches hadn't healed
yet,
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so we wanted to keep them clean.
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So when it gets real hot here,
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I make there big huge ice cube blocks in our freezer,
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and I call them over to me,
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and I just rub them down with ice cubes.
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and they thoroughly thorooughly enjoy it …
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As I think almost any kid would when it's a hot day,
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if they can't jump in a pool.
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And, yeah, I just ice them all down and we just kind of play.
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They get silly and romp around and i get silly with them and
…
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It's a, it's just a play time for both of us.
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People come here for tours and they think
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Gosh, what lucky animals!
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Well, you know, I see it the other way around. I mean, I feel
so fortunate that I …
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I'm allowed to take care of them,
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I'm allowed to be in their company,
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that I can be with them every day and interact with them.
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It doesn't get much better than that, to know you saved their
life
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and ensure that the remainder of their life is going to be
good.
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Ned Buyukmihci is a veterinarian,
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who, with Kim, co-founded Animal Place.
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Considering how their lives began,
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and for the fact that they were destined from birth for the
slaughter house,
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the cows at Animal Place have learned from Kim and Ned
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that some humans can be trusted …
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Although that trust has taken years to develop
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and must be reinforced practically every day.
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Jessie's story is one of these that you …
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you would think is made up.
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That, that, she was about a month old and she was, she was
in Colorado
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and, she jumped out of the truck
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and, she jumped out of the truck
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when the truck was going down the freeway and she shattered
her left hind leg.
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You can see how badly deformed it is.
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And she was just lieing there badly bruised and,
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and in really bad shape,
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and two people who were coming to visit Animal Place, Gene
and Lorri Bauston,
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happened to be on the freeway behind this truck.
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It was just unbelievable!
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And they see this little black form on the highway and they
stoped,
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and the farmer had stopped, of course,
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and the farmer did not want Jessie because she was no longer
valuable to him
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because she couldn't be sold.
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She had a fractured leg, she was down, she couldn't stand
up.
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And so, he gave her to Gene and Lorri who brought her to Animal
Place.
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We took Jessie in to, to my university hospital and radiographed
her leg,
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and it was very badly fractured, beyond surgical repair.
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And, in fact, my colleagues said we should kill her,
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And, I said: No, we'll give her a chance. we'll see what happens.
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we can always kill her.
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So we gave her stall rest
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and within two months she was standing up and walking on the
leg.
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And within four or five months she was running on the leg.
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Running? What a will to live!
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Yeah, well, cows are known for their healing abilities.
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Look at that! Now, Ned, you know dogs, you love dogs, you
live around dogs.
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Do you think cows are every bit as emotional as dogs …
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Just in a different way!
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I mean, we read dogs very easily … they communicate with us,
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they look the way we want them to look - they look sad, they
look disappointed, they look happy.
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Cows are harder to read, but from what you've been telling
me
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they probably have most of the same emotions that dogs do.
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Oh, I think they do.
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I knew a steer once when I was in practice.
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He was raised like a puppy would be raised,
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very close to the family and isolated from other cows
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so he never got to kow cows very well,
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and he was like a puppy.
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He ran and played and came running to the people and he would
… he'd be curious,
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I'd be out there taking care of a sheep or somebody and he
would run up and had to check things out.
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and so he was expressing emotions,
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in a dog you'd say he was happy.
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Part of the problem, again, with cows is that they are not
usually in a setting
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where they can express those emotions or be free to express
those emotions.
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When you go to a typical sitution where cows are,
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they're scared, they're huddled, they're nervous about human
interaction
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you see the emotion but it's usually fear.
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An expectant mother gives birth to her offspring.
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A beautiful bouncing baby boy…
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All sixty pounds of him …
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Thrust from the womb in one mighty heave.
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The proud mom licks her newborn for hours.
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Her licking not only cleans the calf, but also helps develop
strong familial ties,
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that would normally last well into his first few years of
life.
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Cows are extraordinarily curious and social animals,
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and the birth of this calf seems to heighten that curiosity
among all of the surrounding females,
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who move in closely for sniffs and gentle nudges.
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Perhaps their way of welcoming him to his new world.
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This calf, like all others before him, will never know of
his proud and dignified bloodlines.
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All of today's cows are descendants of the mighty auroch,
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a gigantic creature nearly six feet tall,
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which first appeared during the Pleistocene Period.
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Magnificent paintings adorning the walls deep in the caves
of Lescoux, France,
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depict the auroch and signify their significant role as a
prey species for prehistoric humans.
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Today's cows, no matter the variety in shape, size or color,
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are all descended from a single species,
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whose hooves once pounded the dirt by the millions, from Europe,
to Asia, to Northern Africa …
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and whose last member died in Poland in 1627.
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Meeting these first few animals convinced Jeffrey
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that, just like animals found in nature, farm animals have
their own story to tell,
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and it will be through his experiences and writing that this
story will be told.
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So this is Freddie.
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This is Freddie.
Freddie, you like that.
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Freddie was found on the freway.
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SIX MONTHS EARLIER
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The California highway patrol officers just found this little
five-pound piglet
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roaming the freway.
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He was the sickest animal we had ever taken into the sanctuary.
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He had beginning stages of pneumonia,
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he had what's called white muscle disease, he had a mineral
deficiency,
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he had obvious abrasions on his back from his fall from the
truck
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and he had a number of other problems.
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OK, Freedie.
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Come on, sweetie! Come on!
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OK, meal time.
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Freddie was fed cow's milk by the girl who rescued him.
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So when arrived at Animal Place,
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we were very gradual in switching him over to a pig milk replacement.
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Well, you know, when we get in a young animal,
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we have to look at ways of how we can, we can nurture them,
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how we can feed their stomach, and how we can feed them emotionally.
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And knowing what a mother sow, how she would care for her
young -
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there would generally be a lot of siblings he would have,
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they would be nestled up in that big old fat sow belly,
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nursing on her and just getting a lot of tactile stimulation
and a lot of warmth -
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so, I immkediately went out and bought a baby sling
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that mothers use for their newborn infants …
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and tucked Freddie inside that sling so that he could hear
my heart beat,
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he could hear me breathing,
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he would abviously have a lot of warmth, temperature warmth
from my body,
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and just as my motion throughout the day, whether I'm preparing
his meal,
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one of his many meals that he wold eat throughout the day
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because we fed him about every hour and a half,
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or I'm working on my computer, that he … I was with him.
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And he seemed to gain a lot of comfort from that.
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Freddie may live out his life in the security of Animal Place,
239
00:17:01,550 --> 00:17:06,226
yet he will never be too far removed from the ways of his
wild cousins.
240
00:17:07,628 --> 00:17:12,974
Try as they may, those who today raise pigs in the confinement
of commercial farms,
241
00:17:13,128 --> 00:17:20,974
cannot remove through domestication the varying degrees of
wildness that all pigs retain.
242
00:17:27,414 --> 00:17:32,853
Born in litters of five to six, the young piglets tend to
play and sleep together,
243
00:17:32,986 --> 00:17:37,191
developing bonds that may last throughout their lifetime.
244
00:17:43,564 --> 00:17:47,105
As they grow older and move more confidently throughout the
herd,
245
00:17:47,564 --> 00:17:51,005
they learn the ways of wild pigs by watching the adults around
them,
246
00:17:51,601 --> 00:17:55,776
especially their mother, who is never far away.
247
00:18:00,781 --> 00:18:03,554
Early on, these piglets learn to root through the dirt,
248
00:18:03,781 --> 00:18:07,554
sniffing out tasty morsels like roots,
249
00:18:07,688 --> 00:18:10,229
which are part of their diverse diet,
250
00:18:10,388 --> 00:18:15,329
along with acorns, grasses, berries, eggs, and small invertebrates.
251
00:18:21,568 --> 00:18:24,242
Pigs are emotionally sensitive animals
252
00:18:24,568 --> 00:18:28,242
and exhibit mood swings not unlike humans.
253
00:18:28,475 --> 00:18:35,382
When the kids get too frisky, mother is not adverse to putting
them in their place.
254
00:18:36,717 --> 00:18:39,286
It's only his pride that is hurt,
255
00:18:39,419 --> 00:18:42,689
but that's how piglets learn to make it to adulthood,
256
00:18:42,756 --> 00:18:47,794
for natural mortality among piglets is quite high.
257
00:18:48,228 --> 00:18:51,131
Learning to feed on their own takes months,
258
00:18:51,231 --> 00:18:56,003
and during the learning curve, mother is still the best meal
in town.
259
00:18:56,203 --> 00:18:58,275
At six months of age, the piglets have grown large enough
260
00:18:58,503 --> 00:19:01,875
to join the ranks of the other adults in the herd,
261
00:19:02,009 --> 00:19:08,448
and in a short period of time they will have integrated fully
into this society.
262
00:19:09,483 --> 00:19:14,425
Given the opportunity to meet humans, wild pigs can exhibit
a side of themselves
263
00:19:14,783 --> 00:19:18,425
few of us would ever have expected.
264
00:19:18,592 --> 00:19:22,796
When Jeffrey's research took him half way around the globe
to Germany,
265
00:19:22,896 --> 00:19:26,171
he was informed time and again about a well-known incident
266
00:19:26,396 --> 00:19:31,171
that took place in the Black Forest nearly thirty years earlier.
267
00:19:33,040 --> 00:19:36,244
In an extraordinary experiment back in the early 1970s,
268
00:19:36,677 --> 00:19:39,153
Heinz Meinhardt, a German electrician,
269
00:19:39,277 --> 00:19:44,553
set out on an assignment to draw wild pigs away from farm
fields,
270
00:19:44,677 --> 00:19:46,753
where they were eating everything in sight.
271
00:19:47,020 --> 00:19:52,326
In the process, Meinhardt got to know each of the pigs in
this large community,
272
00:19:52,593 --> 00:19:57,698
and he began to see if they could ultimately accept his presence.
273
00:19:57,865 --> 00:20:01,339
Meinhardt spent many months getting the pigs used to him,
274
00:20:01,465 --> 00:20:05,839
gaining their trust by posing no threat to their safety or
security.
275
00:20:05,906 --> 00:20:08,542
Eventually, he was fully accepted.
276
00:20:08,743 --> 00:20:13,914
What Meinhardt was able to accomplish with wild pigs is no
less impressive
277
00:20:14,014 --> 00:20:17,087
than the extraordinary relationship Diane Fossey developed
278
00:20:17,214 --> 00:20:20,087
with the mountain gorillas of Rwanda:
279
00:20:20,154 --> 00:20:24,691
Total acceptance. Total trust.
280
00:20:29,663 --> 00:20:31,869
It didn't take Jeffrey long to realize
281
00:20:32,263 --> 00:20:35,769
that, just like the wild animals he has studied and written
about,
282
00:20:35,869 --> 00:20:40,443
farm animals also possess individual personalities,
283
00:20:40,669 --> 00:20:43,443
and all the emotions that go with it.
284
00:20:43,510 --> 00:20:47,281
Jeffrey is a former psychoanalyst, not a scientist,
285
00:20:47,310 --> 00:20:51,281
and as such he has often been accused of ascribing human characteristics
286
00:20:51,381 --> 00:20:53,287
to non-human animals.
287
00:20:53,387 --> 00:20:55,359
They even have a fancy term for it.
288
00:20:55,587 --> 00:20:58,759
It's called anthropomorphism.
289
00:20:58,892 --> 00:21:01,536
Yet, there are scientists who can expand their thoughts
290
00:21:01,692 --> 00:21:04,036
well beyond conventional wisdom,
291
00:21:04,592 --> 00:21:09,036
and in doing so, see the bigger picture that is starting to
come into focus.
292
00:21:09,469 --> 00:21:15,679
One of these is Marc Bekoff, professor of biology at the University
of Colorado
293
00:21:15,869 --> 00:21:19,079
and one of the world's leading authorities on animal emotions.
294
00:21:19,179 --> 00:21:21,450
...anthropomorphic, I call it one of the "A" words.
295
00:21:21,579 --> 00:21:23,050
It's kind of a dirty word.
296
00:21:23,150 --> 00:21:27,091
But there's no way that I can communicate what I'm learning
297
00:21:27,250 --> 00:21:31,091
and seeing and studying in an animal without being anthropomorphic.
298
00:21:31,225 --> 00:21:34,964
Anthropomorphism is attributing human characteristics
299
00:21:35,125 --> 00:21:37,564
to non-human beings.
300
00:21:40,367 --> 00:21:44,977
If I tell you that a cow in the pasture was sad,
301
00:21:45,267 --> 00:21:49,177
was lamenting her place,
302
00:21:49,377 --> 00:21:52,720
I'm not saying she's sad in the same way I'm sad,
303
00:21:52,977 --> 00:21:56,720
but all I had to do was look at her posture to know she was
kind of sulked down,
304
00:21:57,077 --> 00:21:59,720
kid of just looked lethargic.
305
00:21:59,920 --> 00:22:02,789
I can't think of any other way to communicate that.
306
00:22:04,658 --> 00:22:08,162
I could tell you about her dopamine and her seratonin
307
00:22:08,228 --> 00:22:11,137
and I could tell you about the muscle tone in her legs and
her muscles and tendons,
308
00:22:11,328 --> 00:22:16,737
but that doesn't capture that she was either happy or sad.
309
00:22:16,870 --> 00:22:18,410
So I think we need to be anthropomorphic,
310
00:22:18,570 --> 00:22:23,010
simply taking into account the world of the animal
311
00:22:23,110 --> 00:22:27,147
but using human terms to describe their behavior.
312
00:22:29,216 --> 00:22:32,690
When I was growing up and being trained as an ethologist,
313
00:22:33,757 --> 00:22:39,429
one of the key lessons to learn was not to anthropomorphise,
314
00:22:39,757 --> 00:22:42,129
not to give animals qualities that were reserved for humans.
315
00:22:42,229 --> 00:22:46,203
Leslie Rodgers is a professor of neuroscience and animal behavior
316
00:22:46,429 --> 00:22:49,703
at Australia's University of New England.
317
00:22:50,170 --> 00:22:51,642
but that's changed.
318
00:22:51,870 --> 00:22:55,642
I mean basically it's changed since the eighties.
319
00:22:57,110 --> 00:23:02,722
So it's now becoming more and more acceptable for people who
study animal behavior
320
00:23:03,110 --> 00:23:08,722
to at least be looking at these as possibilities and studying
321
00:23:08,989 --> 00:23:11,328
where as, say, twenty to thirty years ago
322
00:23:11,989 --> 00:23:14,328
this would not have been considered acceptable research,
323
00:23:14,528 --> 00:23:18,165
I can say now that it is acceptable research.
324
00:23:18,298 --> 00:23:21,073
The issue of emotion and thinking in animals
325
00:23:21,298 --> 00:23:26,473
is now seen as something that you can study scientifically,
326
00:23:26,540 --> 00:23:30,346
I mean, it's not without it's problems … It's quite a complex
thing
327
00:23:30,540 --> 00:23:32,346
to put one's mind to.
328
00:23:32,412 --> 00:23:36,817
So, we certainly don't have all the answers there before us,
329
00:23:36,917 --> 00:23:43,857
but they are seen as problems that are worthwhile, approaching
it in a scientific method.
330
00:23:45,492 --> 00:23:48,231
If we just look at the cognative abilities of a chicken
331
00:23:48,492 --> 00:23:50,731
in the first few days of life,
332
00:23:50,831 --> 00:23:54,105
they form very good memories. they learn fantastically.
333
00:23:54,831 --> 00:24:01,105
They have individual characteristics that they can recognize
one individual chick from another.
334
00:24:01,205 --> 00:24:07,648
They form representations, they can recognize objects that
were hidden behind other things.
335
00:24:08,949 --> 00:24:11,622
Very complex cognative abilities
336
00:24:11,949 --> 00:24:14,822
that we've seen even as being unique to humans
337
00:24:14,988 --> 00:24:19,726
are now being shown in the young domestic chick.
338
00:24:26,800 --> 00:24:29,509
A couple hundred miles north of Animal Place,
339
00:24:29,800 --> 00:24:31,509
over the rolling hills of Orland, California,
340
00:24:31,800 --> 00:24:35,009
lies Farm Sanctuary,
341
00:24:35,109 --> 00:24:38,912
which, coupled with its main facility in Watkins Glen, New
York,
342
00:24:39,012 --> 00:24:43,450
is one of the largest farm animal sanctuaries in the world.
343
00:24:43,617 --> 00:24:48,025
Sanctuaries represent one of the few places where farm animals
can really be themselves,
344
00:24:48,617 --> 00:24:52,025
without the stress of the factory farming ordeal,
345
00:24:52,192 --> 00:24:58,699
and, as such, are the perfect environment for Îeffrey to study
their true emotions.
346
00:25:02,503 --> 00:25:06,042
Diane Miller is the west coast manager of this six hundred
acre haven
347
00:25:06,303 --> 00:25:09,042
for once-abused farm animals,
348
00:25:09,109 --> 00:25:11,081
that can now look forward to a life of peace,
349
00:25:11,209 --> 00:25:14,681
security, and lots of tender loving care.
350
00:25:14,815 --> 00:25:17,692
Diane, I have to tell you this is the first time i've ever
felt
351
00:25:17,815 --> 00:25:22,492
I was bcoming intimate with a chicken, that i've held one
this close to my …
352
00:25:22,615 --> 00:25:25,692
Well, I'm sorry you've been deprived.
Well, clearly I've been deprived.
353
00:25:25,759 --> 00:25:28,932
I didn't realize that these animals cold become so...
354
00:25:29,359 --> 00:25:31,532
interested in us, so close to us.
355
00:25:31,632 --> 00:25:37,404
Is that fairly common? Can you have an intimate close relationship
with a chicken?
356
00:25:37,604 --> 00:25:40,077
You certainly can. I have several good friends who are chickens,
357
00:25:40,404 --> 00:25:44,077
who listen to me much better than my people friends do.
358
00:25:44,178 --> 00:25:46,213
And don't answer back, or sometimes do?
359
00:25:46,480 --> 00:25:49,850
Sometimes they do, but they're very good listeners.
360
00:25:49,917 --> 00:25:52,653
And clearly it's not just a one-sided relationship,
361
00:25:53,153 --> 00:25:57,491
I mean, she's deriving pleasure from this and i'm getting
pleasure from this.
362
00:25:57,591 --> 00:25:59,793
I'd say she's enjoying that immensely.
363
00:25:59,927 --> 00:26:04,463
She certainly has all the same potential that a person has
364
00:26:04,627 --> 00:26:07,963
for intimacy and affection and caring and bonds between certain
individuals.
365
00:26:08,168 --> 00:26:10,838
How unusual when you think about it.
366
00:26:11,105 --> 00:26:13,577
After all we don't have a history
367
00:26:13,705 --> 00:26:15,577
of having behaved very kindly toward these animals, do we?
368
00:26:15,805 --> 00:26:16,977
That's absolutely right.
369
00:26:29,923 --> 00:26:35,563
This beautiful, beautiful turkey here. looks like a rainbow
of colors.
370
00:26:35,696 --> 00:26:39,733
I've never touched this before. It feels so wonderful.
371
00:26:39,867 --> 00:26:41,571
I never knew that their emotions
372
00:26:41,867 --> 00:26:44,571
are actually reflected on, what do you call this part of their
face?
373
00:26:44,771 --> 00:26:50,144
This, the long dangly here is called their snood.
374
00:26:50,244 --> 00:26:52,546
Apparently it registers all of his emotions?
375
00:26:53,046 --> 00:26:56,688
Right. The head, skin and neck and the snood on a tom turkey
376
00:26:57,846 --> 00:27:01,588
is really a barometer of their emotions. It's how they communicate
with one another.
377
00:27:01,688 --> 00:27:05,531
And what happens is when a tom is feeling real good,
378
00:27:05,688 --> 00:27:08,431
he's strutting and he's happy and life is good, and he's feeling
good,
379
00:27:08,588 --> 00:27:10,531
he'll be deep red color.
380
00:27:10,631 --> 00:27:16,035
And they have the capacity to change the color, their whole
skin tone, all of their head and their neck and their snood,
381
00:27:16,135 --> 00:27:19,882
from totally white or light blue like you see around his eyes.
382
00:27:20,135 --> 00:27:24,682
So they can go from light blue or white to all the way deep
red.
383
00:27:24,835 --> 00:27:27,882
And when they're happy and they're strutting and life is good,
they're deep magenta red.
384
00:27:27,995 --> 00:27:30,182
So, that's how they communicate with one another.
385
00:27:30,350 --> 00:27:32,386
And they can do that immediately?
386
00:27:32,520 --> 00:27:36,089
Right. within a few seconds.
Within a few seconds!
387
00:27:43,096 --> 00:27:45,568
Turkeys are the only farm animals
388
00:27:45,796 --> 00:27:48,268
bred from north American wildlife.
389
00:27:48,368 --> 00:27:53,778
Benjamin Franklin considered the turkey a noble bird and often
wrote of its worthiness
390
00:27:53,968 --> 00:27:57,778
to be considered America's national emblem.
391
00:27:58,378 --> 00:28:02,186
Had his efforts been successful, one can only wonder
392
00:28:02,378 --> 00:28:06,186
if that honor might have changed the way we treat them today.
393
00:28:28,208 --> 00:28:31,750
Lorri Bauston is the co-founder of Farm Sanctuary,
394
00:28:31,908 --> 00:28:36,850
who wanted to make sure that jeffrey had a chance to get to
know some of her special friends …
395
00:28:37,084 --> 00:28:42,990
all of whom came here as rescues from the dairy industry,
or meat processors.
396
00:28:43,123 --> 00:28:45,893
Well, this is loverboy, Valentino. As you can see,
397
00:28:45,959 --> 00:28:49,597
he has a well-earned name. He's just basically …
Because he's so kind?
398
00:28:49,764 --> 00:28:55,470
Yeah. He's cuddly, he kind and he's lovable. he's one of the
animals that consistently
399
00:28:55,670 --> 00:28:58,442
is one of our best ambassadors because he's constantly coming
up to visitors.
400
00:28:58,670 --> 00:29:01,742
They need affection. they love affection.
401
00:29:01,909 --> 00:29:05,047
I mean, he will, if he was laying down right now he'd wrap
himself around you like a dog, you know, just like if you're
leaning next to a dog …
402
00:29:07,181 --> 00:29:11,118
So it's not true that there's just nothing going on inside
that huge head?
403
00:29:11,218 --> 00:29:13,721
Oh, no. All kinds of stuff.
404
00:29:13,888 --> 00:29:17,230
Mainly, he loves to give me kisses.
405
00:29:18,288 --> 00:29:23,230
They're really sociable animals. they need a lot of attention.
they need a lot of love.
406
00:29:23,397 --> 00:29:25,268
Lorri, can you tell me about one of the most emotional moments
407
00:29:25,497 --> 00:29:27,868
you've ever had with an animal?
408
00:29:28,035 --> 00:29:30,776
Probably and most recently, Queenie,
409
00:29:30,935 --> 00:29:35,876
who was a cow who took matters into her own hoofs and she
escaped from a New York city slaughte rhouse.
410
00:29:46,653 --> 00:29:51,298
The slaughter house was in a real busy area of Queens,
411
00:29:51,553 --> 00:29:54,598
and she was running through the streets,
412
00:29:54,753 --> 00:29:57,598
dodging cars while they were chasing her.
413
00:29:57,798 --> 00:30:04,104
She was dodging bikes, pedestrians. Obviously, she was terrified
and frightened and was running.
414
00:30:04,338 --> 00:30:09,614
And by this time a whole force of NYPD cars had joined in
the chase
415
00:30:09,838 --> 00:30:14,114
trying to capture her before she hurt herself or hurt another
person.
416
00:30:17,117 --> 00:30:20,725
And it was an incredible scene of this animal
417
00:30:21,117 --> 00:30:24,725
just running for her life through the streets of New York
city.
418
00:30:33,534 --> 00:30:39,116
Fortunately, she ran into a park and from there they closed
the gates to the park
419
00:30:39,434 --> 00:30:44,116
and they were able to kind of corral her and then wrestle
her to the ground
420
00:30:44,734 --> 00:30:49,116
And all the NYPD, you know, officials at that point became
cowboys.
421
00:30:53,754 --> 00:30:57,625
This animal who was saved from slaughter, who saved herself
from slaughter,
422
00:30:57,754 --> 00:30:59,525
touched millions of people, because it really was people who
called into animal control saying:
423
00:30:59,792 --> 00:31:02,429
Hey, this cow deserves her freedom!
424
00:31:02,563 --> 00:31:07,734
Because they saw it on the news, so she moved millions of
New Yorkers.
425
00:31:09,536 --> 00:31:12,008
It was sad, of course, because they did have to, you know,
chase her down to the ground
426
00:31:12,436 --> 00:31:15,508
and tie her up so she wouldn't injure herself,
427
00:31:15,742 --> 00:31:22,783
but, of course, it was instrumental in getting this cow to
the safety of farm sanctuary.
428
00:31:38,265 --> 00:31:40,435
I'll never forget because there was a cop there
429
00:31:40,565 --> 00:31:41,935
who, once she was on the ground...
430
00:31:42,102 --> 00:31:44,674
And of course she was terrified, frightened, she clearly knew
431
00:31:44,802 --> 00:31:47,674
what was in store for her at the slaughter house when she
ran, and the poor thing was chased and …
432
00:31:47,841 --> 00:31:54,381
He held her and he put her head in his lap and he just held
her and stroked her.
433
00:31:54,515 --> 00:31:57,558
And that's just the kind of magical moment we see all the
time at Farm Sanctuary
434
00:31:57,915 --> 00:32:02,258
where a person dos finally bond with a farm animal and realizes
435
00:32:02,415 --> 00:32:04,558
that these farm animals feel and have feelings too.
436
00:32:06,927 --> 00:32:09,897
She was shaking, fearful and we loaded her up into the truck
437
00:32:10,197 --> 00:32:13,534
and we're trying to comfort her and tell her she's going to
a wonderful place.
438
00:32:13,700 --> 00:32:16,274
We got to the sanctuary and. i'll never forget this:
439
00:32:16,400 --> 00:32:20,274
she stepped off the trailer and let out a big Moo, and...
440
00:32:20,474 --> 00:32:23,113
See, when all the animals first come in they have to be in
a separate area
441
00:32:23,246 --> 00:32:26,551
to make sure they're pest-free and all that kind of stuff,
442
00:32:26,746 --> 00:32:29,251
and make sure they're healthy enough before they can be with
the other cattle …
443
00:32:29,446 --> 00:32:30,651
So she had to be in a separate area.
444
00:32:30,851 --> 00:32:34,561
When she let out that Moo,
445
00:32:34,851 --> 00:32:38,061
all of the other sanctuary cows gathered around to the closest
fence
446
00:32:38,251 --> 00:32:40,561
and started mooing back.
447
00:32:40,694 --> 00:32:44,569
And then she started mooing, and they started mooing,
448
00:32:44,694 --> 00:32:49,169
And there was this whole incredible loving exchange.
449
00:32:49,303 --> 00:32:51,343
So the cows are mooing and we're crying...
450
00:32:51,503 --> 00:32:56,343
And it was just such an incredible wonderful feeling!
451
00:32:56,543 --> 00:33:00,114
She really felt at home and the other cattle really made her
feel at home.
452
00:33:00,248 --> 00:33:04,518
And I just again saw, you know, they're no different than
us.
453
00:33:04,751 --> 00:33:07,593
Queenie will spend the rest of her life at Farm Sanctuary,
454
00:33:07,751 --> 00:33:12,593
and by all rights will never experience another moment of
fear.
455
00:33:12,759 --> 00:33:16,597
But how can we be so sure about how she feels?
456
00:33:17,331 --> 00:33:25,170
Marc Bekoff: Often times a lucky animal escapes from or is
released from a slaughter house condition,
457
00:33:25,331 --> 00:33:27,170
and winds up on a sanctuary.
458
00:33:27,370 --> 00:33:31,912
And when you study these animals, you see very clearly how
emotional they are.
459
00:33:32,179 --> 00:33:35,282
They go through this period of maybe lack of trust - they're
not sure -
460
00:33:35,482 --> 00:33:38,252
to a very slow bonding,
461
00:33:38,418 --> 00:33:42,890
and you see their demeanor change: their posture, their stance,
their gate.
462
00:33:43,124 --> 00:33:45,562
If they vocalize, if they have expressive faces.
463
00:33:45,724 --> 00:33:48,962
And you see that over time, they let their guard down.
464
00:33:49,062 --> 00:33:51,565
And the reason that they're doing that is they're not sure,
465
00:33:51,765 --> 00:33:54,369
And when you start making claims about whether an animal is
sure about something,
466
00:33:54,765 --> 00:33:58,369
you're saying that that animal is experiencing feelings.
467
00:33:59,036 --> 00:34:04,311
And you need to make this very slow transition from a feeling
of mistrust to a feeling of trust.
468
00:34:05,445 --> 00:34:11,486
Once Jeffrey got to meet these farm animals - the cows, pigs,
sheep, chickens, and turkeys -
469
00:34:11,645 --> 00:34:15,486
spend time with them, observe their interactions with others
of their kind,
470
00:34:15,719 --> 00:34:19,626
and watch their personalities unfold before his eyes
471
00:34:20,027 --> 00:34:23,667
it made him wonder if we can ever truly associate
472
00:34:23,927 --> 00:34:27,367
the sentient animals with the meat on our dinner plates.
473
00:34:27,668 --> 00:34:31,138
Queenie is but a dramatic example of what he is refering to.
474
00:34:31,472 --> 00:34:35,178
In reality, she's no different from the billions of farm animals
475
00:34:35,472 --> 00:34:37,678
raised every year for slaughter.
476
00:34:37,845 --> 00:34:42,184
The hundreds of phone calls to Animal Control pleading to
save Queenie's life,
477
00:34:42,345 --> 00:34:44,184
did just that!
478
00:34:44,351 --> 00:34:47,024
As a psychoanalyst, Jeffrey had to wonder.
479
00:34:47,251 --> 00:34:50,824
In the minds of all the caring people who made those calls,
480
00:34:50,924 --> 00:34:54,462
what qualities did Queenie possess that the millions of cows,
481
00:34:54,596 --> 00:35:00,200
pigs, sheep, chickens, or turkeys waiting in line to be killed
… did not?
482
00:35:00,367 --> 00:35:04,838
The answer seemed obvious to him: none.
483
00:35:12,012 --> 00:35:17,017
One element of Jeffrfey's research has remained unresolved
in his mind.
484
00:35:17,117 --> 00:35:22,256
the organized programs that allow school children to spend
months raising farm animals,
485
00:35:22,389 --> 00:35:26,759
naming them like a companion animal, caring for them every
day,
486
00:35:26,959 --> 00:35:33,934
exhibiting them with all due pride, then, just like that,
giving them up for slaughter.
487
00:35:35,302 --> 00:35:36,972
He asked Jim Mason,
488
00:35:37,202 --> 00:35:38,772
a farm boy turned lawyer and animal activist,
489
00:35:38,939 --> 00:35:45,179
and co-author of the ground-breaking book Animal Factories,
published back in 1990.
490
00:35:45,646 --> 00:35:48,982
Jim's history with this goes back to his early teens.
491
00:35:49,116 --> 00:35:51,354
I was deemed to be big enough then to help with the
492
00:35:51,516 --> 00:35:54,354
what we call working the calves, which means castrating them,
493
00:35:54,955 --> 00:36:01,462
de-horning them, and clipping their ears and doing all these
painful things.
494
00:36:01,662 --> 00:36:04,768
And as a young child they let me watch all of this. So I knew
it was terrible.
495
00:36:04,962 --> 00:36:07,768
I saw the terror in the animals. I saw the violance and the
struggling with them and everything.
496
00:36:07,968 --> 00:36:11,605
And yet that day it was my turn to go out and help with all
this.
497
00:36:11,738 --> 00:36:14,541
And I remember as we were going over the fence I started crying
498
00:36:14,675 --> 00:36:18,111
because I knew what I was going to have to do.
499
00:36:18,679 --> 00:36:21,949
And my uncle said, and his exact words, they ring in my ears,
he said:
500
00:36:22,015 --> 00:36:24,687
If you don't straighten up and act like a man,
501
00:36:24,815 --> 00:36:26,687
we'll send you back to the house with the girls.
502
00:36:26,787 --> 00:36:29,656
You're a sissy if you don't go with us.
503
00:36:29,790 --> 00:36:31,763
When I was on a farm at that age
504
00:36:31,990 --> 00:36:35,863
I actually didn't belong to farm kid groups, but my brother
did.
505
00:36:36,130 --> 00:36:40,467
And there were a lot of other kinds of groups like that that
prepared you to be a farmer.
506
00:36:40,567 --> 00:36:47,107
One of the most common projects is raising like a heffer or
a pig or a steer or something for show.
507
00:36:47,207 --> 00:36:49,778
Then they go to the state fair and show these animals
508
00:36:49,907 --> 00:36:51,078
and they win ribbons.
509
00:36:51,211 --> 00:36:53,083
You see these kids that spend so much time with these animals
510
00:36:53,211 --> 00:36:56,083
and really get attached to them almost like pets.
511
00:36:56,216 --> 00:37:00,287
And then comes the time when they have to part ways with that
animal.
512
00:37:00,454 --> 00:37:02,523
They have to go to slaughter. They have to go to auction.
513
00:37:02,689 --> 00:37:06,527
And often it's very traumatic for these kids.
514
00:37:07,061 --> 00:37:09,100
Even though you've been close to this animal,
515
00:37:09,261 --> 00:37:11,300
you've groomed it and maybe slept with it for weeks
516
00:37:11,461 --> 00:37:13,300
it has to go to market.
517
00:37:13,534 --> 00:37:15,973
This is how they say it, when you get your first animal they
tell you:
518
00:37:16,134 --> 00:37:19,573
You always cry with your first animal, but you get used to
it.
519
00:37:20,040 --> 00:37:22,676
You get used to it...
520
00:37:22,810 --> 00:37:27,714
I'm like, what do you mean by that, you know, I mean you get
used to it.
521
00:37:27,915 --> 00:37:32,986
OK. You get used to the fact that something you get attached
to for months is taken from you and killed.
522
00:37:33,086 --> 00:37:37,691
I mean, how are you supposed to get used to that? I couldn't
get used to it.
523
00:37:38,158 --> 00:37:42,296
Misty Vina is a high-school student from San Jose, California,
524
00:37:42,563 --> 00:37:48,101
who went through this program only once, with a steer she
named Ferdinand.
525
00:37:48,268 --> 00:37:53,040
I had him for ten months and it was every day I was out there
…
526
00:38:08,489 --> 00:38:11,460
It would have been easier if we had planned for him to be
slaughtered from the start.
527
00:38:11,689 --> 00:38:13,960
He wasn't supposed to be.
528
00:38:14,227 --> 00:38:19,066
So it's kind of it came like out of nowhere on me.
529
00:38:19,266 --> 00:38:22,102
I was out there, I'd get up at five o'clock or five-thirty
every morning
530
00:38:22,202 --> 00:38:24,274
and be out at school two hours before it started
531
00:38:24,574 --> 00:38:29,112
and I'd go out there, I'd stay out there for a for while in
the morning, feed him and everything
532
00:38:29,374 --> 00:38:32,112
and then i'd be out there lunch most of the time.
533
00:38:32,212 --> 00:38:37,621
And then I had two periods of agriculture and I was usually
out there before then anyways,
534
00:38:37,812 --> 00:38:40,621
and I'd stay after school until four-thirty every day after
school with him.
535
00:38:42,121 --> 00:38:46,464
At first, I thought: What am i doing with a cow? This is so
stupid, right?
536
00:38:46,731 --> 00:38:48,568
It was a steer and its like, this is
537
00:38:48,731 --> 00:38:50,868
I thought it was going to be easy
538
00:38:51,131 --> 00:38:54,768
And then he turned into, seriously, I always told everybody
he's like a big puppy.
539
00:38:54,868 --> 00:38:59,506
I would call him and he would come over to me and he'd put
his nose in his halter for me...
540
00:38:59,640 --> 00:39:01,477
And it's like when I went to visit him, they had him at the
fair.
541
00:39:01,640 --> 00:39:07,377
And I went over there and I called his name and
his little ear turned up and he turned around and he started
mooing,
542
00:39:07,477 --> 00:39:10,818
And I started crying, and everyone was like: There she goes
again. And I'm like…
543
00:39:11,585 --> 00:39:16,156
For people to say they don't have emotions, they don't know
you're there, it's not true.
544
00:39:18,058 --> 00:39:22,999
The idea of discovery and proof of an internal emotional event
545
00:39:23,158 --> 00:39:30,599
is harder to prove, harder to control, and harder to justify
546
00:39:30,699 --> 00:39:35,108
in what sense that should be taken on board by anybody and
for what reason.
547
00:39:35,242 --> 00:39:38,515
Gisella Kaplan is a professor of animal behavior
548
00:39:38,742 --> 00:39:41,215
at Australia's University of New England.
549
00:39:41,448 --> 00:39:45,588
I'm absolutely convinced that across the animal world,
550
00:39:45,748 --> 00:39:49,188
including our farm animals, certainly we know it of our pets.
551
00:39:49,321 --> 00:39:52,496
We know when they cry, we know when they're sad,
552
00:39:52,621 --> 00:39:56,196
we know when they have grief, as pet owners.
553
00:39:56,363 --> 00:40:03,804
The same may apply even to animals that for centuries have
been domesticated.
554
00:40:03,937 --> 00:40:08,542
But I've no doubt that those factors exist very strongly.
555
00:40:13,313 --> 00:40:16,155
The changes that have transpired in our understanding
556
00:40:16,313 --> 00:40:18,555
and perception and empathy for farm animals
557
00:40:18,713 --> 00:40:21,555
were not ones that occurred overnight.
558
00:40:21,688 --> 00:40:26,627
Nor is it easy to bookmark the points in history at which
they have taken place.
559
00:40:26,827 --> 00:40:31,268
I think we're looking at a period of at least three hundred
years of change,
560
00:40:31,427 --> 00:40:37,268
starting about 1700, when people first began to realize
561
00:40:37,406 --> 00:40:42,743
that humans and the other species are built on the same anatomical
template.
562
00:40:42,876 --> 00:40:45,050
Davis Fraser is a professor of animal welfare
563
00:40:45,876 --> 00:40:50,050
at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada.
564
00:40:50,217 --> 00:40:53,356
We're not only built on the same anatomical template,
565
00:40:53,517 --> 00:40:56,356
but we share a common ancestry as well.
566
00:40:57,357 --> 00:40:59,431
Through the work of people like Jane Goodall,
567
00:40:59,657 --> 00:41:03,931
we have come to see animals, even in scientific study,
568
00:41:04,064 --> 00:41:06,205
not just as date points
569
00:41:06,464 --> 00:41:11,405
helping to establish some kind of average or norm for the
species,
570
00:41:11,538 --> 00:41:16,577
but more as persons with individual life histories
571
00:41:16,710 --> 00:41:21,348
and their own emotional and intellectual life.
572
00:41:22,516 --> 00:41:25,490
So we've seen a gradual change over three centuries,
573
00:41:25,616 --> 00:41:29,890
a rapid change over the last few decades.
574
00:41:30,290 --> 00:41:35,529
And for the farm animals this means that ways of raising animals
575
00:41:35,696 --> 00:41:39,800
that seemed perfectly modern and progressive even ten or twenty
years ago,
576
00:41:39,900 --> 00:41:43,504
are becoming increasingly out of step with modern values.
577
00:41:51,145 --> 00:41:54,252
In terms of the complex emotions possessed by farm animals,
578
00:41:54,445 --> 00:41:58,652
a popular analogy can easily be applied:
579
00:41:58,852 --> 00:42:04,625
we may not be able to define it, but we certainly know it
when we see it.
580
00:42:04,758 --> 00:42:06,398
Every day researchers are breaking new ground
581
00:42:06,558 --> 00:42:11,698
and allowing us solid glimpses into the emotional makeup of
these animals.
582
00:42:15,302 --> 00:42:20,374
In June of 2004, researchers at Babraham institute,
583
00:42:20,474 --> 00:42:22,281
part of England's Cambridge University,
584
00:42:22,474 --> 00:42:27,281
announced they had discovered some profound qualities possessed
by sheep.
585
00:42:27,815 --> 00:42:30,350
Qualities which will doubtless shed new light
586
00:42:30,417 --> 00:42:35,656
on our perception of the emotional and intellectual capacities
of these animals.
587
00:42:39,827 --> 00:42:44,298
Individual sheep, it seems, can recognize up to fifty other
sheep
588
00:42:44,398 --> 00:42:47,506
by facial features alone,
589
00:42:47,698 --> 00:42:52,506
and remember each of their faces after two years of separation.
590
00:42:54,107 --> 00:42:56,682
This recognition is based on facial characteristics
591
00:42:56,807 --> 00:43:02,082
that may differ by as little as 5-percent.
592
00:43:08,755 --> 00:43:12,295
It was also established that sheep have an overwhelmingly
favorable response
593
00:43:12,455 --> 00:43:15,295
to humans that smile or laugh,
594
00:43:16,663 --> 00:43:19,867
as opposed to humans that frown or scowl.
595
00:43:23,103 --> 00:43:28,909
In the words of chief researcher neuroscientist dr. Keith
Kendrick:
596
00:43:28,976 --> 00:43:32,383
This does open up the possibility that they have
597
00:43:32,576 --> 00:43:36,483
much richer emotional lives than we would give them credit
for.
598
00:43:39,386 --> 00:43:44,262
Dr. Kendrick and his team believe these findings may offer
599
00:43:44,386 --> 00:43:48,762
valuable insights into human conditions like autism and schizophrenia.
600
00:43:58,605 --> 00:44:03,677
On a small farm in Machipango, Virginia, Jeffrey visits dr.
Karen Davis,
601
00:44:03,944 --> 00:44:08,048
founder of United Poultry Concern, a non-profit organization
602
00:44:08,248 --> 00:44:11,189
dedicated to public education on the humane treatment
603
00:44:11,348 --> 00:44:15,089
and unique qualities of birds raised for food production.
604
00:44:15,289 --> 00:44:18,697
Have you come to see them as...
605
00:44:18,789 --> 00:44:23,297
as creatures with a healthy inner life, with a zest for life?
606
00:44:23,397 --> 00:44:25,599
Is this, is this a fantasy I have?
607
00:44:25,699 --> 00:44:27,468
Jeffrey, it is not a fantasy.
608
00:44:27,534 --> 00:44:29,169
Good, I'm glad to hear that.
609
00:44:29,236 --> 00:44:33,240
Chickens are very lively birds. They come from the jungles
of South-East Asia.
610
00:44:33,340 --> 00:44:36,146
They live in extended family flocks
611
00:44:36,260 --> 00:44:39,146
that break up into small groups throughout the day.
612
00:44:39,413 --> 00:44:43,517
They like to dustbathe in the early to mid-afternoon,
613
00:44:43,617 --> 00:44:45,557
and also they take sunbaths,
614
00:44:45,617 --> 00:44:50,557
which are also vital to their health and wellbeing, hygiene,
and proper nutritional health.
615
00:44:58,098 --> 00:45:00,300
They're making sounds.
Yes.
616
00:45:00,434 --> 00:45:02,773
Now, I firmly believe that we
617
00:45:02,874 --> 00:45:06,373
have yet to crack the code of most animal communication.
618
00:45:06,406 --> 00:45:07,442
I agree.
619
00:45:07,542 --> 00:45:11,378
What we hear is ordinary sounds, or probably very specific
things.
620
00:45:11,478 --> 00:45:14,014
Do you have any idea what they're saying?
621
00:45:14,348 --> 00:45:16,788
Chickens are very vocal birds,
622
00:45:16,948 --> 00:45:20,888
and they would be calling to each other over large areas of
space
623
00:45:21,021 --> 00:45:24,892
in the tropical forest where they come from.
624
00:45:28,762 --> 00:45:31,131
Roosters, for example, make what they call locator calls,
625
00:45:31,265 --> 00:45:35,802
where they will let other roosters with their hens know where
they are.
626
00:45:35,935 --> 00:45:37,438
They keep tabs on each other.
627
00:45:37,538 --> 00:45:42,376
They will notify one another about overhead predators, like
a hawk,
628
00:45:42,509 --> 00:45:44,780
and they certainly notify each other about food sources,
629
00:45:44,909 --> 00:45:48,484
and probably many things in the environment
630
00:45:48,609 --> 00:45:50,484
that may elude us.
631
00:45:50,584 --> 00:45:53,487
But they are not just making noises.
632
00:46:00,961 --> 00:46:03,397
The further into his writing Jeffrey get,
633
00:46:03,497 --> 00:46:08,339
the more he realizes that when referring to the emotions of
farm animals,
634
00:46:08,497 --> 00:46:12,639
he has to take into account the effect their emotions have
on our emotions.
635
00:46:13,574 --> 00:46:16,581
Every place he has been to, everyone he has talked with …
636
00:46:16,684 --> 00:46:20,681
they all have stories of deep-felt personal experiences,
637
00:46:20,814 --> 00:46:27,421
where the emotions of the animals they have gotten to know
have, in-kind, affected emotions of their own.
638
00:46:28,355 --> 00:46:31,561
No one who has spent considerable quality time with these
animals
639
00:46:31,665 --> 00:46:35,761
comes away, it seems, without having experienced some sense
of wonderment -
640
00:46:37,028 --> 00:46:41,006
thoughts and feelings they never for a moment felt could be
attributed
641
00:46:41,128 --> 00:46:46,006
to pigs, cows, sheep, chickens or turkeys.
642
00:46:48,776 --> 00:46:52,517
And when those who have lived the experience, see it happening
to others around them,
643
00:46:52,776 --> 00:46:56,517
it often becomes a magical moment.
644
00:46:57,818 --> 00:47:02,256
Jan Hamilton is the founder of Wilderness Ranch in Loveland,
Colorado.
645
00:47:02,389 --> 00:47:06,493
We rescued turkeys off of a dead pile.
646
00:47:06,627 --> 00:47:11,404
There were literally four hundred or so turkeys piled up on
this dead pile.
647
00:47:11,627 --> 00:47:16,804
And so they were in every stage of decay and dying, and some
of them were alive.
648
00:47:16,970 --> 00:47:19,840
We brought fourteen turkeys home.
649
00:47:20,040 --> 00:47:24,912
We had a group of community service kids working out here,
650
00:47:25,078 --> 00:47:28,618
and one of the kids that was there was the toughest kid I've
ever seen out here.
651
00:47:28,878 --> 00:47:31,518
I thought it was almost hopeless to have her out here.
652
00:47:31,618 --> 00:47:35,794
And she observed the turkeys coming in
653
00:47:35,918 --> 00:47:40,794
and saw that we were picking maggotts off of them and trying
to keep them alive
654
00:47:40,894 --> 00:47:44,164
syringe feeding them and what bad shape they were in.
655
00:47:44,298 --> 00:47:47,401
And the next week she was much more civil.
656
00:47:47,501 --> 00:47:51,105
And the following week she actually was helping and asking
questions
657
00:47:51,205 --> 00:47:54,475
and being really involved in what we were doing.
658
00:47:54,608 --> 00:47:58,837
And, at the end of the time she was here, I asked her:
659
00:47:58,872 --> 00:48:02,936
What made the difference, what happened, what happened with
you?
660
00:48:04,280 --> 00:48:07,953
And she said the turkeys really got to her,
661
00:48:08,856 --> 00:48:14,862
and that they had been abused as she had been and she could
see the connection.
662
00:48:15,129 --> 00:48:19,133
And as she left she said: What you do here is really awesome.
663
00:48:27,274 --> 00:48:29,146
The reason that I do this
664
00:48:29,274 --> 00:48:32,146
is because I know that animals have feelings,
665
00:48:32,246 --> 00:48:34,145
I know they have relationships,
666
00:48:34,246 --> 00:48:38,185
and that they deserve like every other being
667
00:48:38,319 --> 00:48:41,889
to have the full expression of their essence, whatever that
is.
668
00:48:42,022 --> 00:48:45,592
And that's what we want to teach here, that's what this is
all about for me.
669
00:48:45,692 --> 00:48:47,863
It's not that I think farm animals are more important or more
interesting
670
00:48:47,992 --> 00:48:49,863
than any other creature on the earth.
671
00:48:50,063 --> 00:48:52,933
We all deserve to live in harmony and abundance,
672
00:48:53,033 --> 00:48:55,436
and the way to get there is by respecting each other,
673
00:48:55,536 --> 00:48:58,238
and that's what Wilderness Ranch is all about.
674
00:49:03,210 --> 00:49:05,447
From the day Jeffrey started to write this book,
675
00:49:05,547 --> 00:49:10,084
he was sure he'd learned just enough about farm animals over
his lifetime
676
00:49:10,184 --> 00:49:12,653
to know where his research would lead him.
677
00:49:12,753 --> 00:49:17,324
Few times in his life, he admits, has he been so wrong.
678
00:49:17,424 --> 00:49:20,232
If I'm guilty of underestimating the ability these animals
have
679
00:49:20,334 --> 00:49:25,232
to relate to us on such a profound emotional level,
680
00:49:25,399 --> 00:49:28,368
believe me, I am but one among millions.
681
00:49:28,469 --> 00:49:30,674
We accept dogs and cats into our lives
682
00:49:30,869 --> 00:49:33,874
so freely, so readily, so lovingly.
683
00:49:33,974 --> 00:49:37,352
Yet, after an entire year of traveling throughout the world,
684
00:49:37,474 --> 00:49:39,752
visiting farm animal sanctuaries,
685
00:49:39,974 --> 00:49:42,852
where, for the most part, these animals can just be themselves,
686
00:49:42,974 --> 00:49:44,852
I'm beginning to wonder
687
00:49:44,952 --> 00:49:51,024
how we came to discriminate between a pig and a dog, or a
chicken and a cat?
688
00:49:51,125 --> 00:49:53,065
Where did it start, and why?
689
00:49:53,125 --> 00:49:58,065
There are no simple answers, no profound words of wisdom to
impart here.
690
00:49:58,165 --> 00:50:02,704
All I can do as a writer is tell you, in as honest a manor
as possible,
691
00:50:02,804 --> 00:50:07,012
my experiences, and the stories of those who have dedicated
their lives
692
00:50:07,114 --> 00:50:12,012
to bettering our understanding of these magnificent animals.
693
00:50:12,412 --> 00:50:17,785
The experiences I have had with farm animals are some I will
never forget.
694
00:50:17,951 --> 00:50:19,757
Yet, these are my experiences;
695
00:50:19,951 --> 00:50:23,357
and just like me on the day I began to research this book,
696
00:50:23,457 --> 00:50:27,161
experiences of your own are just a mouse-click away.
697
00:50:27,261 --> 00:50:28,796
See for yourself.
698
00:50:28,829 --> 00:50:31,502
Somewhere near you is a place where you can go
699
00:50:31,629 --> 00:50:35,702
and meet a pig, a cow, a chicken or a turkey.
700
00:50:35,803 --> 00:50:38,242
With your sense of curiosity fully in play,
701
00:50:38,403 --> 00:50:42,242
I think you'll be surprised at what you'll find.
702
00:50:42,443 --> 00:50:50,751
Their emotions may impact your emotions forever.
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